diff --git a/.github/workflows/_pytest.yaml b/.github/workflows/_pytest.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5ccfdcad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/_pytest.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+---
+# Reusable test runner. To be called from other workflows.
+name: pytest
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      test-files:
+        description: "Space-separated pytest paths or options/arguments (empty = whole suite)"
+        type: string
+        default: ""
+      python-versions:
+        description: "JSON array of Python versions for the matrix"
+        type: string
+        default: '["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]'
+      install-native-toolchains:
+        description: "Install compilers/tools to build & run generated bindings"
+        type: boolean
+        default: true
+      install-go:
+        description: >-
+          Install Go via brew on macOS. Default false since Go is
+          preinstalled on Linux runners and only the golang job needs it.
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
+      install-rust-clippy:
+        description: "Install the clippy component (needed by tests/test_rust.py's static analysis test)"
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
+      install-go-staticcheck:
+        description: "Install staticcheck (needed by tests/test_golang.py's static analysis test)"
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+        python-version: ${{ fromJSON(inputs.python-versions) }}
+        include:
+          - os: macos-latest
+            python-version: "3.10"
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+      - name: Setup Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+        uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+          cache: pip
+      # jsonld-cli is used by the tests (incl. core), so always install it.
+      - name: Setup Node
+        uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020 # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          node-version: 24
+          cache: npm
+          cache-dependency-path: scripts/package-lock.json
+      - name: Install Python build tooling
+        run: |
+          python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+          pip install build
+      - name: Install jsonld-cli
+        run: |
+          npm install -g jsonld-cli
+      - name: Install Node test/build scripts
+        run: |
+          npm --prefix scripts ci
+      - name: Install Linux packages
+        if: ${{ inputs.install-native-toolchains && runner.os == 'Linux' }}
+        run: |
+          sudo apt update
+          sudo apt install -y build-essential ccache cppcheck doxygen graphviz
+      - name: Install macOS packages
+        if: ${{ inputs.install-native-toolchains && runner.os == 'macOS' }}
+        run: |
+          brew update
+          brew install ccache cppcheck doxygen gcc graphviz
+      - name: Install Go (macOS)
+        if: ${{ inputs.install-go && runner.os == 'macOS' }}
+        run: |
+          brew install go
+      - name: Install Rust static analysis tools
+        if: ${{ inputs.install-rust-clippy }}
+        run: |
+          rustup component add clippy
+      - name: Install Go static analysis tools
+        if: ${{ inputs.install-go-staticcheck }}
+        run: |
+          echo "$(go env GOPATH)/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
+          go install honnef.co/go/tools/cmd/staticcheck@latest
+      - name: Configure ccache
+        if: ${{ inputs.install-native-toolchains }}
+        uses: hendrikmuhs/ccache-action@d62db5f07c26379fc4b4e0916f098a92573c3b03 # v1.2.23
+        with:
+          key: ${{ github.job }}-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.python-version }}
+      - name: Build package
+        run: |
+          python -m build
+      - name: Install package
+        run: |
+          pip install -e .[dev]
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: |
+          pytest -v ${{ inputs.test-files }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/coverage-generate.yaml b/.github/workflows/coverage-generate.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c371a22e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/coverage-generate.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+---
+name: Generate coverage
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    # Skip docs and edits to other workflows; later patterns override earlier.
+    paths: &trigger-paths
+      - "**"
+      - "!**/*.md"
+      - "!LICENSE"
+      - "!.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/**"
+      - "!.github/workflows/**"
+      - ".github/workflows/coverage-generate.yaml"
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - "main"
+    paths: *trigger-paths
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  coverage:
+    name: Generate coverage report
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      # Gives the action the necessary permissions for publishing new
+      # comments in pull requests.
+      pull-requests: write
+      # Gives the action the necessary permissions for pushing data to the
+      # python-coverage-comment-action branch, and for editing existing
+      # comments (to avoid publishing multiple comments in the same PR)
+      contents: write
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+      - name: Setup Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+        uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.11"
+          cache: pip
+      - name: Setup Node
+        uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020 # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          node-version: 24
+          cache: npm
+          cache-dependency-path: scripts/package-lock.json
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          sudo apt install -y build-essential ccache cppcheck doxygen graphviz
+          npm install -g jsonld-cli
+          npm --prefix scripts ci
+      - name: Install Go static analysis tools
+        run: |
+          echo "$(go env GOPATH)/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
+          go install honnef.co/go/tools/cmd/staticcheck@latest
+      - name: Install Rust static analysis tools
+        run: |
+          rustup component add clippy
+      - name: Configure ccache
+        uses: hendrikmuhs/ccache-action@d62db5f07c26379fc4b4e0916f098a92573c3b03 # v1.2.23
+        with:
+          key: ${{ github.job }}
+      - name: Install package
+        run: |
+          pip install -e .[dev]
+      - name: Generate coverage report
+        run: |
+          pytest -v
+      - name: Coverage comment
+        id: coverage_comment
+        uses: py-cov-action/python-coverage-comment-action@a05be3d2e8a6272d3ef5fb2840ab20368bb2eb71 # v4.3
+        with:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+      - name: Store Pull Request comment to be posted
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        if: steps.coverage_comment.outputs.COMMENT_FILE_WRITTEN == 'true'
+        with:
+          # If you use a different name, update COMMENT_ARTIFACT_NAME accordingly
+          name: python-coverage-comment-action
+          # If you use a different name, update COMMENT_FILENAME accordingly
+          path: python-coverage-comment-action.txt
diff --git a/.github/workflows/coverage-report.yaml b/.github/workflows/coverage-report.yaml
index c4817bd5..ffe9d621 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/coverage-report.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/coverage-report.yaml
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ name: Post coverage comment
 
 on:
   workflow_run:
-    workflows: ["Test shacl2code"]
+    workflows: ["Generate coverage"]
     types:
       - completed
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ jobs:
       # DO NOT run actions/checkout here, for security reasons
       # For details, refer to https://securitylab.github.com/research/github-actions-preventing-pwn-requests/
       - name: Post comment
-        uses: py-cov-action/python-coverage-comment-action@2b84cfb222691291ba358a586c13606f0a9c172c # v3
+        uses: py-cov-action/python-coverage-comment-action@a05be3d2e8a6272d3ef5fb2840ab20368bb2eb71 # v4.3
         with:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           GITHUB_PR_RUN_ID: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.id }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test.yaml b/.github/workflows/test.yaml
index 8790adbd..31e447ef 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yaml
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ on:
       - "!.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/**"
       - "!.github/workflows/**"
       - ".github/workflows/test.yaml"
+      - ".github/workflows/_pytest.yaml"
   pull_request:
     paths: *trigger-paths
   workflow_call:
@@ -22,88 +23,127 @@ permissions:
   contents: read
 
 jobs:
-  build:
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-    permissions:
-      contents: write # Needed by the coverage-comment step below
-      pull-requests: write # Needed by the coverage-comment step below
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-latest]
-        python-version: ["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
-        include:
-          - os: macos-latest
-            python-version: "3.10"
+  # Check which language bindings are affected by the change
+  changes:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      cpp: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.cpp }}
+      golang: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.golang }}
+      jsonschema: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.jsonschema }}
+      python: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.python }}
+      rust: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.rust }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
-      - name: Setup Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
-        with:
-          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-          cache: pip
-      - name: Setup Node
-        uses: actions/setup-node@48b55a011bda9f5d6aeb4c2d9c7362e8dae4041e # v6.4.0
-        with:
-          node-version: 24
-          cache: npm
-          cache-dependency-path: scripts/package-lock.json
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: |
-          python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-          pip install build
-          npm install -g jsonld-cli
-          npm --prefix scripts ci
-      - name: Install Linux packages
-        if: runner.os == 'Linux'
-        run: |
-          sudo apt update
-          sudo apt install -y build-essential cppcheck doxygen graphviz ccache
-      - name: Install macOS packages
-        if: runner.os == 'macOS'
-        run: |
-          brew update
-          brew install cppcheck doxygen gcc go graphviz ccache
-      - name: Install Go static analysis tools
-        run: |
-          echo "$(go env GOPATH)/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
-          go install honnef.co/go/tools/cmd/staticcheck@latest
-      - name: Install Rust static analysis tools
-        run: |
-          rustup component add clippy
-      - name: Configure ccache
-        uses: hendrikmuhs/ccache-action@v1.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+      - uses: dorny/paths-filter@ceb8a2b8f2d89434be7ff52d3de7ec3738c5cc9d # v4.0.3
+        id: filter
         with:
-          key: ${{ github.job }}-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.python-version }}
-      - name: Build package
-        run: |
-          python -m build
-      - name: Install package
-        run: |
-          pip install -e .[dev]
-      - name: Run tests
-        run: |
-          pytest -v
-      - name: Coverage comment
-        id: coverage_comment
-        if: >-
-          matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest' && matrix.python-version == '3.11' &&
-          (github.event_name == 'pull_request' ||
-           (github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'))
-        uses: py-cov-action/python-coverage-comment-action@2b84cfb222691291ba358a586c13606f0a9c172c # v3
-        with:
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
-      - name: Store Pull Request comment to be posted
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08 # v4.6.0
-        if: steps.coverage_comment.outputs.COMMENT_FILE_WRITTEN == 'true'
-        with:
-          name: python-coverage-comment-action
-          path: python-coverage-comment-action.txt
+          filters: |
+            common: &common
+              - '.github/workflows/_pytest.yaml'
+              - '.github/workflows/test.yaml'
+              - 'src/shacl2code/*.py'
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/__init__.py'
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/common.py'
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/jinja.py'
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/lang.py'
+              - 'pyproject.toml'
+              - 'tests/conftest.py'
+              - 'tests/data/**'
+              - 'testfixtures/**'
+            cpp:
+              - *common
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/cpp.py'
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/sources/cpp/**'
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/templates/cpp/**'
+              - 'tests/test_cpp.py'
+            golang:
+              - *common
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/golang.py'
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/sources/golang/**'
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/templates/golang/**'
+              - 'tests/test_golang.py'
+            jsonschema:
+              - *common
+              - 'scripts/**'
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/jsonschema.py'
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/sources/jsonschema/**'
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/templates/jsonschema.j2'
+              - 'tests/test_jsonschema.py'
+            python:
+              - *common
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/python.py'
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/sources/python/**'
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/templates/python/**'
+              - 'tests/test_python.py'
+            rust:
+              - *common
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/rust.py'
+              - 'src/shacl2code/lang/templates/rust/**'
+              - 'tests/test_rust.py'
+
+  # Always run core (ignores language-specific test suites)
+  core:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/_pytest.yaml
+    with:
+      install-native-toolchains: false
+      test-files: >-
+        tests
+        --ignore=tests/test_cpp.py
+        --ignore=tests/test_golang.py
+        --ignore=tests/test_jsonschema.py
+        --ignore=tests/test_python.py
+        --ignore=tests/test_rust.py
+
+  cpp:
+    needs: changes
+    if: needs.changes.outputs.cpp == 'true'
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/_pytest.yaml
+    with:
+      install-native-toolchains: true
+      test-files: tests/test_cpp.py
+
+  golang:
+    needs: changes
+    if: needs.changes.outputs.golang == 'true'
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/_pytest.yaml
+    with:
+      install-native-toolchains: false
+      install-go: true
+      install-go-staticcheck: true
+      test-files: tests/test_golang.py
+
+  jsonschema:
+    needs: changes
+    if: needs.changes.outputs.jsonschema == 'true'
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/_pytest.yaml
+    with:
+      install-native-toolchains: false
+      test-files: tests/test_jsonschema.py
+
+  python:
+    needs: changes
+    if: needs.changes.outputs.python == 'true'
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/_pytest.yaml
+    with:
+      install-native-toolchains: false
+      test-files: tests/test_python.py
+
+  rust:
+    needs: changes
+    if: needs.changes.outputs.rust == 'true'
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/_pytest.yaml
+    with:
+      # `rust`/`cargo` preinstalled on runners
+      install-native-toolchains: false
+      install-rust-clippy: true
+      test-files: tests/test_rust.py
+
   lint:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
       - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
         with:
           # Black in this Python version must support all target-versions listed in pyproject.toml
           python-version: "3.14"
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index de4833ea..d3b0b3ba 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ shacl2code generate \
     --input model-draft.ttl \
     --context-url context-draft.jsonld https://example.com/context.jsonld \
     jsonschema \
-   --output schema.json
+    --output schema.json
 ```
 
 ## Developing